Arthritis is one of the most debilitating conditions, mostly affecting people over the age of 55. However, it is not limited to this age group as it can also affect a percentage of younger adults. It’s not one single disease but a group of conditions that may cause damage not only to your bones but also to other organs in the body.

Different forms of arthritis manifest different symptoms. Common symptoms of arthritis include: persistent joint pain; tenderness in a joint which is aggravated by movement; inflammation indicated by joint swelling, stiffness, redness, and/or warmth; pain and stiffness in the body, especially around the joints; joint deformity; loss of range of motion or flexibility in a joint; unexplained weight loss; non-specific fever; and crepitus (weird crackling sound in the joints.)

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Joints can handle some heavy pressure. For example, knees have to handle a force of three to four times a person’s total body weight on average when just talking a walk. The force of a deep knee bend during a squat can increase to nine times the body’s weight. So just imagine multiplying weight of more than 150 pounds times a minimum of three or four, and then even more. That can add up to a lot of heavy work on knee joints over a period of time.

Now for the science behind this scenario. The place where two bones meet is called the joint- the bone ends are covered with cartilage, also known as gristle.

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There is a general misconception that arthritis is an age-related medical condition that afflicts only senior citizens or the elderly. This may be true for osteoarthritis, the most common type of joint disorder that usually affects adults of both sexes in their middle ages. But what most people don’t understand is that there are other types or causes of arthritis.

Arthritis, also known as joint inflammation, is defined as an inflammation of one or more joints and involves the breakdown of cartilage, resulting in pain, swelling, and limited movement.

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How joint pain and the destruction of cartilage are related is not yet fully understood. Cartilage itself does not cause pain because there are no nerve structures in cartilage to transmit pain signals. Most likely, the pain of rheumatoid arthritis is caused by the irritation of other tissues in and around the affected joints. This irritation may be caused by chemical-messenger substances, such as prostaglandin E2, that are associated with the disease process. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) reduce pain because they inhibit the production of prostaglandins.

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There are several possible causes of arthritis, and these may vary from one individual to another.

Whilst rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition, osteoarthritis is generally caused by wear and tear to the joints in the body over the years. The joints are protected by cartilage and other tissues, which are able to repair and heal themselves on a daily basis.

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